Lietuvių diasporos dokumentinis paveldas: susigrąžinimo, pažinimo ir tyrimų problemos

Autor: Dapkutė, Daiva
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Istorija [History]. 2022, Nr. 127, p. 65-84.
ISSN: 2029-7181
1392-0456
DOI: 10.15823/istorija.2022.127.3
Popis: Nuo XIX a. pabaigos iki šių dienų emigracijoje buvo sukurta daug kultūrinių vertybių. Išsaugoti ir pažinti pavyksta tik nedidelę dalį lietuvių diasporos dokumentinio paveldo. Dalį jo neišvengiamai sunaikino laikas, o likęs išsibarstęs įvairiose archyvinėse institucijose ir privačiuose archyvuose Lietuvoje, Kanadoje, JAV, Australijoje, Vokietijoje, kituose kraštuose. Straipsnyje siekiama plačiau pristatyti lietuvių diasporos dokumentinio paveldo likimo problemas: kiek Lietuva rūpinasi šio paveldo išsaugojimu ir susigrąžinimu, su kokiomis problemomis susiduria išeivijos kolekcijas saugančios ir tvarkančios institucijos, kiek šis paveldas yra žinomas, atpažįstamas ir tyrinėjamas. Remiantis Kaune prie Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto beveik 30 metų veikiančio Lietuvių išeivijos instituto patirtimi aptariami tiek Lietuvai, tiek išeivijai aktualūs lietuvių diasporos dokumentinio paveldo likimo klausimai; analizuojamos išeivijos kultūrinio paveldo aktualumo, archyvų išsibarstymo, išsaugojimo, prieinamumo, tyrimų bei sklaidos problemos. Esminiai žodžiai: lietuvių diaspora, archyvai, paveldas, išsaugojimas, tyrimai, sklaida. During the three decades of independent Lithuania, a lot of important work was done in preserving and researching the documentary heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora. Various state institutions have expressed concern about the fate of the archival heritage of the diaspora, and the documentary heritage of the diaspora, its search, and the accumulation of information in state strategic documents, have been identified as significant barriers to the activities of state institutions for almost two decades. The work of identifying and recovering heritage important to Lithuania abroad is successfully underway, and collections of diaspora cultural heritage are returning to Lithuania from various parts of the world. During these decades, many important studies of the cultural history of the diaspora have been conducted, and a number of books and monographs have been published. Still, the history of the Lithuanian diaspora, its documentary heritage, remains a little-known and rather foreign thing to Lithuanian society. The article discusses the issues of the fate of the documentary heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora and analyzes the relevance, dispersion, preservation, accessibility, research, and dissemination of cultural heritage, which are faced by the institutions protecting the documentary heritage operating both in Lithuania and abroad. From the end of the 19th century to the present day, many cultural values were created through emigration. Only a small part of the documentary heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora has been preserved and known, part of which was inevitably destroyed by time, and the rest is kept in various institutions and private archives in Lithuania, Canada, the USA, Australia, Germany, and other countries. The heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora, which is disappearing rather rapidly in various countries, remains one of the most pressing problems to this day. As the number of representatives of the Lithuanian diaspora who created and preserved this heritage decreases, the questions of the fate of this archival heritage become more and more relevant. In Lithuania, there is still no unified information archiving system of the documentary heritage related to Lithuania located abroad: there is a lack of information on which and how many are the diaspora archives, and in which institutions they are stored. Archives that have returned to Lithuania are scattered among various cities and towns, museums, libraries, state archives, and scientific institutions, where their storage, management, and digitization work is strongly influenced by the availability of financial and human resources. Institutions protecting the historical heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora are increasingly faced with the problems of identifying and evaluating this heritage, because: a) the ranks of the actors of the cultural life of the diaspora who created, preserved and can recognize this documentary heritage are constantly thinning, and the young generation of diaspora is almost not interested in the legacy of their parents; b) in Lithuania, there is a decrease in the number of specialists working and researching the history of the diaspora. In order for the documentary heritage of the Lithuanian diaspora not to be condemned to oblivion, it is not enough just to take care of the preservation of these diaspora archives, their transportation to Lithuania, and their safe storage in archive storage facilities: it is necessary to research and get to know it so that this heritage becomes its own, important and necessary part of the historical legacy of the Lithuanian nation. Keywords: Lithuanian diaspora, archives, heritage, preservation, research, dissemination.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: