Cardiac, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Impact of Exercise Training in Spinal Cord Injury: A QUALITATIVE REVIEW
| Autor: | J. Andrew Taylor, Isabelle Vivodtzev |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Cardiac output medicine.medical_specialty Blood lipids 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Systemic inflammation Autonomic Nervous System Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Humans Spinal cord injury Exercise Aerobic capacity Spinal Cord Injuries Exercise Tolerance business.industry Rehabilitation medicine.disease Exercise Therapy 030228 respiratory system Sample size determination Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiology Arterial stiffness Lean body mass medicine.symptom Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business |
| Zdroj: | J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev |
| ISSN: | 1932-751X |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION: Direct and indirect effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) lead to important cardiovascular complications that are further increased by years of injury and the process of “accelerated aging”. The present review examines the current evidence in the literature for the potential cardio-protective effect of exercise training in SCI. REVIEW METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science databases were screened for original studies investigating the effect of exercise-based interventions on aerobic capacity, cardiac structure/function, autonomic function, cardiovascular function and/or cardiometabolic markers. We compared the effects in individuals 40 yr) with longer TSI (>10 yr.), reasoning that the two can be considered individuals with low- vs. high- cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). SUMMARY: Studies showed similar exercise effects in both groups (n = 31 in low-CVRF vs. n = 15 in high-CVRF). The evidence does not support any effect of exercise training on autonomic function but does support an increase peripheral blood flow, improved left ventricular mass, higher peak cardiac output, greater lean body mass, better anti-oxidant capacity, and improved endothelial function. In addition, some evidence suggests that it can result in lower blood lipids, systemic inflammation (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and C reactive protein), and arterial stiffness. Training intensity, volume, and frequency were key factors determining cardiovascular gains. Future studies with larger sample sizes, well-matched groups of subjects, and randomized controlled designs will be needed to determine if high-intensity hybrid forms of training result in greater cardiovascular gains. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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