Betaine: New Oxidant in the Stickland Reaction and Methanogenesis from Betaine and l -Alanine by a Clostridium sporogenes-Methanosarcina barkeri Coculture
| Autor: | Gerhard Gottschalk, Evelyn Naumann, Hans Hippe |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1983 |
| Předmět: |
Clostridium sporogenes
Betaine reductase ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species Trimethylamine Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Betaine 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Ecology biology 030306 microbiology ved/biology Stickland reaction biology.organism_classification Betaine reductase activity chemistry Biochemistry comic_books Methanosarcina barkeri Fermentation Metabolism Growth and Industrial Microbiology comic_books.character Food Science Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 45:474-483 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5336 0099-2240 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aem.45.2.474-483.1983 |
| Popis: | Growing and nongrowing cells of Clostridium sporogenes fermented betaine with l -alanine, l -valine, l -leucine, and l -isoleucine as electron donors in a coupled oxidation-reduction reaction (Stickland reaction). For the substrate combinations betaine and l -alanine and betaine and l -valine balance studies were performed; the results were in agreement with the following fermentation equation: 1 R- CH(NH 2 )-COOH + 2 betaine + 2 H 2 O → 1 R-COOH + 1 CO 2 + 1 NH 3 + 2 trimethylamine + 2 acetate. Growth and production of trimethylamine were strictly dependent on the presence of selenite in the medium. With cell suspensions it was shown that C. sporogenes was unable to catabolize betaine as a single substrate. Betaine, however, was reduced to trimethylamine and acetate under an atmosphere of molecular hydrogen. For the reduction of betaine by cell extracts of C. sporogenes , dimercaptans such as 1,4-dithiothreitol could serve as electron donors. No betaine reductase activity was detected in cells grown in a complex medium without betaine. The pH optimum of betaine reductase was at pH 7.3. When C. sporogenes was cocultured with Methanosarcina barkeri strain Fusaro on betaine together with l -alanine, an almost complete conversion of the two substrates to CH 4 , NH 3 , and presumably CO 2 was observed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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