Reduced tillage, cover crops and organic amendments affect soil microbiota and improve soil health in Uruguayan vegetable farming systems
| Autor: | Søren J. Sørensen, Kornelia Smalla, Doreen Babin, Pablo Fresia, Joseph Nesme, Victoria Cerecetto, Silvia Garaycochea, Carolina Leoni |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
engineering.material Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Microbiology Soil 03 medical and health sciences Nutrient RNA Ribosomal 16S Vegetables Cover crop Soil Microbiology Soil health Rhizosphere Conventional tillage Ecology Compost Microbiota Agriculture 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Tillage 030104 developmental biology Agronomy 040103 agronomy & agriculture engineering Uruguay 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Mulch |
| Zdroj: | FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 97 |
| ISSN: | 1574-6941 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/femsec/fiab023 |
| Popis: | Conventional tillage and mineral fertilization (CTMF) jeopardize soil health in conventional vegetable production systems. Using a field experiment established in Uruguay in 2012, we aimed to compare the soil restoration potential of organic fertilization (compost and poultry manure) combined with conventional tillage and cover crop incorporated into the soil (CTOF) or with reduced tillage and the use of cover crop as mulch (RTOF). In 2017, table beet was cultivated under CTMF, CTOF and RTOF, and yields, soil aggregate composition and nutrients, as well as soil and table beet rhizosphere microbiota (here: bacteria and archaea) were evaluated. Microbiota was studied by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from total community DNA. RTOF exhibited higher soil aggregation, soil organic C, nutrient availability and microbial alpha-diversity than CTMF, and became more similar to an adjacent natural undisturbed site. The soil microbiota was strongly shaped by the fertilization source which was conveyed to the rhizosphere and resulted in differentially abundant taxa. However, 229 amplicon sequencing variants were found to form the core table beet rhizosphere microbiota shared among managements. In conclusion, our study shows that after only 5 years of implementation, RTOF improves soil health under intensive vegetable farming systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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