Bacteraemia, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations in the Australian Capital Territory: a review

Autor:	Karina Kennedy, Martyn D. Kirk, Cameron R. M. Moffatt, Linda A. Selvey, Ben O'Neill
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	Adult medicine.medical_specialty Australian Capital Territory medicine.drug_class Campylobacter infections Population Antibiotics Bacteremia Comorbidity Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 medicine.disease_cause Antimicrobial susceptibility Antimicrobial therapy Medical microbiology Elderly Anti-Infective Agents Risk Factors Internal medicine medicine Hospitalisation Humans Blood culture education Aged Enterocolitis education.field_of_study medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Campylobacter Incidence (epidemiology) Incidence Australia Middle Aged medicine.disease Anti-Bacterial Agents Hospitalization Infectious Diseases Bacteraemia medicine.symptom business Research Article
Zdroj:	BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021) BMC Infectious Diseases
ISSN:	1471-2334
Popis:	Background Campylobacter spp. cause mostly self-limiting enterocolitis, although a significant proportion of cases require hospitalisation highlighting potential for severe disease. Among people admitted, blood culture specimens are frequently collected and antibiotic treatment is initiated. We sought to understand clinical and host factors associated with bacteraemia, antibiotic treatment and isolate non-susceptibility among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations. Methods Using linked hospital microbiology and administrative data we identified and reviewed Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations between 2004 and 2013. We calculated population-level incidence for Campylobacter bacteraemia and used logistic regression to examine factors associated with bacteraemia, antibiotic treatment and isolate non-susceptibility among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations. Results Among 685 Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations, we identified 25 admissions for bacteraemia, an estimated incidence of 0.71 cases per 100,000 population per year. Around half of hospitalisations (333/685) had blood culturing performed. Factors associated with bacteraemia included underlying liver disease (aOR 48.89, 95% CI 7.03–340.22, p p = 0.001) and age 70–79 years (aOR 4.93, 95% CI 1.57–15.49). Approximately one-third (219/685) of admissions received antibiotics with treatment rates increasing significantly over time (p p p p = 0.02). Non-susceptibility of isolates to standard antimicrobials increased significantly over time (p = 0.01) and was associated with overseas travel (aOR 11.80 95% CI 3.18–43.83, p p = 0.02), suggesting a healthy traveller effect. Conclusions Campylobacter infections result in considerable hospital burden. Among those admitted to hospital, an interplay of factors involving clinical presentation, presence of underlying comorbidities, complications and increasing age influence how a case is investigated and managed.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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