Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Outpatient Surgery with the 5-HT3 Antagonist Ondansetron
| Autor: | Pekka Talke, Said Sharifi-Azad, Stuart L. DuPen, Phillip E. Scuderi, Melinda Mingus, Jeffrey L. Apfelbaum, Melissa F. Williams, Yung-Fong Sung, Bernard V. Wetchler, Louis Claybon |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1993 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Vomiting medicine.drug_class Nausea medicine.medical_treatment Outpatient surgery Ondansetron Postoperative Complications Double-Blind Method 5-HT3 antagonist medicine Humans Antiemetic Chemotherapy business.industry Surgery Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Ambulatory Surgical Procedures Anesthesia Female medicine.symptom business Postoperative nausea and vomiting medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Anesthesiology. 78:15-20 |
| ISSN: | 0003-3022 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/00000542-199301000-00004 |
| Popis: | Postoperative nausea and vomiting following outpatient surgery can significantly delay discharge. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of ondansetron (a new 5-HT3 antagonist) in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients following outpatient surgery.Five hundred outpatient surgical patients (53 male and 447 female), receiving general endotracheal anesthesia, were studied at ten centers. Patients were stratified by gender and received, in a randomized, double-blind manner, 1, 4, or 8 mg ondansetron or placebo in response to nausea and/or vomiting postoperatively. Episodes of vomiting, nausea scores, adverse events, vital signs, and laboratory values were evaluated before and during the 24 h after study drug administration.Complete response to study medication (no vomiting and/or retching, and no rescue antiemetic over the initial 0-2-h period) was more frequent in the ondansetron groups (1 mg 57%, 4 mg 61%, and 8 mg 57%) than in the placebo group (30%, P.001). For the 0-24-h study a complete response occurred in only 15% of the placebo group compared to 41%, 47%, and 47% of the 1-, 4-, and 8-mg ondansetron groups, respectively (P.001 for all comparisons with placebo). Median nausea scores (range 0-10) during the initial observation period (0-2 h) were significantly lower for all doses of ondansetron (1.3, 0.8, 1.8 for 1, 4, and 8 mg, respectively) as compared with placebo (2.3). No significant differences occurred in hemodynamic stability, incidence of adverse events, or changes in laboratory values in the ondansetron groups compared to the placebo group.Ondansetron, in doses less than 8 mg, is a safe, effective antiemetic for treating postoperative nausea and vomiting. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|