Immune activation by microbiome shapes the colon mucosa: Comparison between healthy rat mucosa under conventional and germ-free conditions
| Autor: | Pavol Makovický, Oleksander Chernyavskiy, Peter Makovický, Hana Kozakova, Jiří Dvořák, Dmitry Stakheev, Pavel Rossmann, R. Štěpánková, Fabian Caja, Luca Vannucci, Jiří Křížan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
collagen
Colon medicine.medical_treatment Immunology microbiome Inflammation 010501 environmental sciences Biology Toxicology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Stroma Immunity RA1190-1270 stroma medicine Animals Germ-Free Life Germ Microbiome Intestinal Mucosa Immunity Mucosal 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 0303 health sciences Microbiota germ-free animals RC581-607 Rats Cytokine colon mucosa Toxicology. Poisons mucosal immunity Immunologic diseases. Allergy medicine.symptom Homeostasis |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Immunotoxicology, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 37-49 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1547-6901 1547-691X |
| DOI: | 10.1080/1547691x.2021.1887412 |
| Popis: | Germ-free animals (GF) are those without a microbiome since birth. This particular biological model has become one of special interest with the growing evidence of importance of the microbiome in the life, development, adaptation, and immunity of humans and animals in the environments in which they live. Anatomical differences observed in GF compared with conventionally-reared animals (CV) has given rise to the question of the influence of commensal microflora on the development of structure and function (even immunological) of the bowel. Only recently, thanks to achievements in microscopy and associated methods, structural differences can be better evaluated and put in perspective with the immunological characteristics of GF vs. CV animals. This study, using a GF rat model, describes for the first time the possible influence that the presence of commensal microflora, continuously stimulating mucosal immunity, has on the collagen scaffold organization of the colon mucosa. Significant differences were found between CV and GF mucosa structure with higher complexity in the CV rats associated to a more activated immune environment. The immunological data suggest that, in response to the presence of a microbiome, an effective homeostatic regulation in developed by the CV rats in healthy conditions to avoid inflammation and maintain cytokine levels near the spontaneous production found in the GF animals. The results indicated that collagen scaffold adapted to the immune microenvironment; therefore, it is apparent that the microbiome was able to condition the structure of the colon mucosa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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