Nitroarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase, attenuates ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain metabolism
| Autor: | Elena Kosenko, Yuri Kaminsky, Santiago Grisolia, Vicente Felipo, María-Dolores Miñana, Eugenio Grau |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Arginine Nitroarginine Biochemistry Nitric oxide Mice Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound Ammonia Internal medicine medicine Animals biology Neurotoxicity Glutamate receptor Brain Hyperammonemia General Medicine medicine.disease Nitric oxide synthase Endocrinology chemistry Toxicity biology.protein NMDA receptor Amino Acid Oxidoreductases Nitric Oxide Synthase Energy Metabolism |
| Zdroj: | Neurochemical Research. 20:451-456 |
| ISSN: | 1573-6903 0364-3190 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/bf00973101 |
| Popis: | We have proposed that acute ammonia toxicity is mediated by activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate type of glutamate receptors. MK-801, a selective antagonist of these receptors, prevents death of animals induced by acute ammonia intoxication as well as ammonia-induced depletion of ATP. It seems therefore that, following activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, the subsequent events in ammonia toxicity should be similar to those involved in glutamate neurotoxicity. As it has been shown that inhibitors of nitric oxide synthetase such as nitroarginine prevent glutamate toxicity, we have tested whether nitroarginine prevents ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. It is shown that nitroarginine prevents partially (approximately 50%), but significantly death of mice induced by acute ammonia intoxication. Nitroarginine also prevents partially ammonia-induced depletion of brain ATP. It also prevents completely the rise in glucose and pyruvate and partially that in lactate. Injection of nitroarginine alone, in the absence of ammonia, induces a remarkable accumulation of glutamine and a decrease in glutamate. The results reported indicate that nitroarginine attenuates acute ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy metabolites. The effects of MK-801 and of nitroarginine are different, suggesting that ammonia can induce nitric oxide synthetase by mechanisms other than activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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