Vitamin D derivatives
| Autor: | Yoshihiko Ohyama, Toshimasa Shinki |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
chemistry.chemical_element Rickets Cod liver oil Biology Calcium medicine.disease Calcitriol receptor Vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein Ergocalciferol chemistry.chemical_compound Endocrinology Biochemistry chemistry Internal medicine medicine Vitamin D and neurology Cholecalciferol medicine.drug |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-12-820649-2.00267-9 |
| Popis: | Vitamin D was discovered in cod liver oil as the anti-rickets factor in the early 20th century. At present vitamin D refers to vitamin D 2 and vitamin D 3 . These structures were determined in the 1930s. Vitamin D 3 is the form of vitamin D that is synthesized by vertebrates, whereas vitamin D 2 is the naturally occurring form of vitamin D in plants. In the late 1960s to early 1970s, an active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ) was isolated. Vitamin D is regularly found in phytoplankton and zooplankton. Therefore, vitamin D existed for millions of years as inactive products. Vitamin D 3 is metabolized by CYPs (vitamin D 3 25-hydroxylase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 1α-hydroxylase) and reveals its biological activities via a dedicated receptor. One of the most important roles of vitamin D is to maintain calcium balance by enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, calcium mobilization in bone, and calcium reabsorption in the kidney in vertebrates, especially in birds and mammals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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