Spray penetration, combustion, and soot formation characteristics of the ECN Spray C and Spray D injectors in multiple combustion facilities
| Autor: | Gilles Bruneaux, Russell P. Fitzgerald, Scott A. Skeen, Glen C. Martin, Lyle M. Pickett, Koji Yasutomi, Michele Bardi, Louis Marie Malbec, Noud Maes |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Eindhoven University of Technology [Eindhoven] (TU/e), Sandia National Laboratories [Livermore], Sandia National Laboratories - Corporation, IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Dixie State University (DSU), HINO MOTORS, Caterpillar, ANR-14-CE22-0015,ECN FRANCE,Vers des moteurs propres et efficaces: contribution de la FRANCE au réseau ECN(2014), Power & Flow, Group Deen, Group Somers |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
020209 energy Nuclear engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology medicine.disease_cause Combustion Engine Combustion Network ECN Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering law.invention [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] Soot extinction imaging 020401 chemical engineering Lift-off lenght law 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering medicine Spray C & Spray D 0204 chemical engineering Inert Cavitation Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Ignition delay Injector Penetration (firestop) Lift-off length Nitrogen Soot chemistry Combustion chamber |
| Zdroj: | Applied Thermal Engineering Applied Thermal Engineering, Elsevier, 2020, 172, pp.115136. ⟨10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115136⟩ Applied Thermal Engineering, 172:115136. Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 1359-4311 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115136 |
| Popis: | International audience; In a collaborative effort to identify key aspects of heavy-duty diesel injector behavior, the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray C and Spray D injectors were characterized in three independent research laboratories using constant volume pre-burn vessels and a heated constant-pressure vessel. This work reports on experiments with nominally identical injectors used in different optically accessible combustion chambers, where one of the injectors was designed intentionally to promote cavitation. Optical diagnostic techniques specifically targeted liquid-and vapor-phase penetration, combustion indicators, and sooting behavior over a large range of ambient temperatures-from 850 K to 1100 K. Because the large-orifice injectors employed in this work result in flame lengths that extend well beyond the optical diagnostics' field-of-view, a novel method using a characteristic volume is proposed for quantitative comparison of soot under such conditions. Further, the viability of extrapolating these measurements downstream is considered. The results reported in this publication explain trends and unique characteristics of the two different injectors over a range of conditions and serve as calibration targets for numerical efforts within the ECN consortium and beyond. Building on agreement for experimental results from different institutions under inert conditions, apparent differences found in combustion indicators and sooting behavior are addressed and explained. Ignition delay and soot onset are correlated and the results demonstrate the sensitivity of soot formation to the major species of the ambient gas (i.e., carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen in the pre-burn ambient versus nitrogen only in the constant pressure vessel) when holding ambient oxygen volume percent constant. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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