Chemistry and Biochemistry of Sulfur Natural Compounds: Key Intermediates of Metabolism and Redox Biology
| Autor: | Mario Fontana, Alessia Baseggio Conrado, Luciana Mosca, Antonio Francioso |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
inorganic chemicals Aging Glycoside Hydrolases Taurine lanthionine Sulfur metabolism chemistry.chemical_element Review Article Biochemistry Redox 03 medical and health sciences Chalcogen 0302 clinical medicine Methionine cystathionine ketimine thiotaurine cystathionine ketimine lanthionine hypotaurine Animals Humans Cysteine thiotaurine hypotaurine chemistry.chemical_classification Sulfur Compounds QH573-671 Biomolecule Cell Biology General Medicine Metabolism Plants Sulfur Glutathione 030104 developmental biology chemistry Cytology Organosulfur compounds Oxidation-Reduction 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Function (biology) |
| Zdroj: | Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol 2020 (2020) Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
| ISSN: | 1942-0994 1942-0900 |
| Popis: | Sulfur contributes significantly to nature chemical diversity and thanks to its particular features allows fundamental biological reactions that no other element allows. Sulfur natural compounds are utilized by all living beings and depending on the function are distributed in the different kingdoms. It is no coincidence that marine organisms are one of the most important sources of sulfur natural products since most of the inorganic sulfur is metabolized in ocean environments where this element is abundant. Terrestrial organisms such as plants and microorganisms are also able to incorporate sulfur in organic molecules to produce primary metabolites (e.g., methionine, cysteine) and more complex unique chemical structures with diverse biological roles. Animals are not able to fix inorganic sulfur into biomolecules and are completely dependent on preformed organic sulfurous compounds to satisfy their sulfur needs. However, some higher species such as humans are able to build new sulfur-containing chemical entities starting especially from plants’ organosulfur precursors. Sulfur metabolism in humans is very complicated and plays a central role in redox biochemistry. The chemical properties, the large number of oxidation states, and the versatile reactivity of the oxygen family chalcogens make sulfur ideal for redox biological reactions and electron transfer processes. This review will explore sulfur metabolism related to redox biochemistry and will describe the various classes of sulfur-containing compounds spread all over the natural kingdoms. We will describe the chemistry and the biochemistry of well-known metabolites and also of the unknown and poorly studied sulfur natural products which are still in search for a biological role. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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