Extracellular vesicle-based interorgan transport of mitochondria from energetically stressed adipocytes
| Autor: | Clair Crewe, Alexandra L. Ghaben, Christy M. Gliniak, Philipp E. Scherer, Yucel Akgul, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Nolwenn Joffin, Dmitri Samovski, Yu An, Shiuhwei Chen, Christine M. Kusminski, Hesham A. Sadek, Pamela Fischer-Posovszky, Ruth Gordillo, Shujuan Li, Samuel Klein |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Antioxidant
Physiology medicine.medical_treatment Mitochondrion medicine.disease_cause Article Mitochondria Heart chemistry.chemical_compound Extracellular Vesicles Mice Adipocyte medicine Adipocytes Humans Animals Myocytes Cardiac Molecular Biology Cell Biology Extracellular vesicle respiratory system medicine.disease Microvesicles Cell biology Mitochondria Oxidative Stress chemistry Reperfusion injury Oxidative stress Function (biology) |
| Zdroj: | Cell Metab |
| ISSN: | 1932-7420 |
| Popis: | Adipocytes undergo intense energetic stress in obesity resulting in loss of mitochondrial mass and function. We have found that adipocytes respond to mitochondrial stress by rapidly and robustly releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These sEVs contain respiration-competent, but oxidatively damaged mitochondrial particles, which enter circulation and are taken up by cardiomyocytes, where they trigger a burst of ROS. The result is compensatory antioxidant signaling in the heart that protects cardiomyocytes from acute oxidative stress, consistent with a preconditioning paradigm. As such, a single injection of sEVs from energetically stressed adipocytes limits cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. This study provides the first description of functional mitochondrial transfer between tissues and the first vertebrate example of "inter-organ mitohormesis." Thus, these seemingly toxic adipocyte sEVs may provide a physiological avenue of potent cardio-protection against the inevitable lipotoxic or ischemic stresses elicited by obesity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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