Quantification of Imidacloprid Uptake in Maize Crops
| Autor: | R. Charvet, J. M. Bonmatin, E. R. Bengsch, Patrice A. Marchand, M. E. Colin, I. Moineau |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC) |
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Insecticides Horticultural crops Flowers 010501 environmental sciences Biology medicine.disease_cause Zea mays 01 natural sciences Neonicotinoids chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science Imidacloprid Pollen medicine Poaceae Predicted no-effect concentration 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Panicle 2. Zero hunger Plant Stems Imidazoles General Chemistry Pesticide Nitro Compounds Sunflower Plant Leaves 010602 entomology Agronomy chemistry General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, American Chemical Society, 2005, 53, pp.5336-5341 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5118 0021-8561 |
| Popis: | The systemic imidacloprid is one of the most used insecticides in the world for field and horticultural crops. This neurotoxicant is often used as seed-dressing, especially for maize, sunflower, and rape. Using a LC/MS/MS technique (LOQ = 1 microg/kg and LOD = 0.1 microg/kg), the presence of imidacloprid has been measured in maize from field samples at the time of pollen shed, from less than 0.1 microg/kg up to 33.6 microg/kg. Numerous random samples were collected throughout France from 2000 to 2003. The average levels of imidacloprid measured are 4.1 microg/kg in stems and leaves, 6.6 microg/kg in male flowers (panicles), and 2.1 microg/kg in pollen. These values are similar to those found previously in sunflower and rape. These results permit evaluation of the risk to honeybees by using the PEC/PNEC ratios (probable exposition concentrations/predicted no effect concentration). PEC/PNEC risk ratios were determined and ranged between 500 and 600 for honeybees foraging on maize treated with imidacloprid by seed dressing. Such a high risk factor can be related to one of the main causes of honeybee colony losses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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