Carbohydrate supplementation attenuates decrement in performance in overtrained rats
Autor: | Caio Victor Coutinho de Oliveira, Nayara Moreira Lacerda Massa, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira, Gustavo da Silva Félix, Carlos Vinícius da Silva Barbosa, Reabias de Andrade Pereira, Jailane de Souza Aquino, Alexandre Sérgio Silva |
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Rok vydání: | 2015 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Hydrocortisone Physiology Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Running chemistry.chemical_compound Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases 0302 clinical medicine Malondialdehyde Ingestion Testosterone Treadmill Creatine Kinase Nutrition and Dietetics biology General Medicine medicine.symptom medicine.medical_specialty Anorexia 03 medical and health sciences Physiology (medical) Internal medicine Physical Conditioning Animal medicine Dietary Carbohydrates Animals Rats Wistar Muscle Skeletal business.industry Overtraining Body Weight RATOS WISTAR 030229 sport sciences Carbohydrate medicine.disease Rats 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Dietary Supplements biology.protein Physical therapy Physical Endurance Creatine kinase business Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt |
Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
ISSN: | 1715-5320 |
Popis: | Carbohydrate ingestion at the end of a single exercise is recognized as delaying fatigue and accelerating recovery, but whether chronic ingestion can prevent overtraining during periods of intense training has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to determine whether carbohydrate supplementation minimizes overtraining in Wistar rats. The animals underwent 11 weeks of training (running) on a treadmill, and the last 3 weeks were designed to induce overtraining. One group was supplemented with carbohydrates (EX-CHO) (n = 13), 1 group had no supplementation (EX) (n = 10), and a third group remained inactive (C) (n = 9). Performance tests were given before training (Pr1) and at the 8th (Pr2) and 11th (Pr3) training week. Food intake, body weight, testosterone, cortisol, malondialdehyde, creatine kinase, and activities of the PI3-K, Akt-1, mTOR, and GSK-3 enzymes were measured. In the EX group, there was a significant 32.6% performance decrease at Pr3 when compared with Pr2. In addition, at protocol completion, the EX-CHO group had a greater gastrocnemius weight than did the C group (p = 0.02), which the EX group did not. Training caused anorexia, decreased testosterone (p = 0.001), and increased malondialdehyde (p = 0.009) in both exercise groups compared with the C group, with no influence of carbohydrate supplementation on these variables (p > 0.05). Compared with in the C group, the activity of Akt-1 was higher in the EX-CHO group but not in the EX group (p = 0.013). Carbohydrate supplementation promoted an attenuation in the performance decrement and maintained gastrocnemius muscle mass in animals that had undergone overtraining protocols, which was accompanied by increased activity of the Akt-1 molecular indicator. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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