Psychopathy is associated with an exaggerated attention bottleneck: EEG and behavioral evidence from a dual-task paradigm
| Autor: | Scott Tillem, Hannah Weinstein, Arielle R. Baskin-Sommers |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Dual-task paradigm
Male Cognitive Neuroscience media_common.quotation_subject Psychopathy Stimulus (physiology) Electroencephalography 050105 experimental psychology Bottleneck 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Cognition medicine Reaction Time Personality Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention media_common medicine.diagnostic_test 05 social sciences Information processing Stimulus onset asynchrony Antisocial Personality Disorder medicine.disease Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Cognitive, affectivebehavioral neuroscience. 21(4) |
| ISSN: | 1531-135X |
| Popis: | Psychopathy is a personality disorder associated with a chronic disregard for the welfare of others. The attention bottleneck model of psychopathy asserts that the behavior of individuals higher on psychopathy is due to an exaggerated attention bottleneck that constrains all information processing, regardless of the information’s potential goal-relevance. To date, the majority of research on the attention bottleneck model of psychopathy conceptually applied the tenets of the model but did not implement methods that directly test an exaggeration of the bottleneck in psychopathy. Accordingly, the presence of an exaggerated bottleneck, the exact expression of that bottleneck, and its potential mechanistic relevance for behavior in individuals higher on psychopathy remains untested. To address these gaps, a sample of 78 male community members, evaluated for psychopathic traits using the Self-Report Psychopathy-III scale, completed an EEG-based dual-task paradigm examining short stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA; 300 ms), long SOA (1,100 ms), and single-task baseline conditions. Additionally, participants were asked about their frequency of real-world risky, impulsive, and antisocial behaviors. Psychopathy was associated with slower reaction times to second targets (T2s) presented during the dual-task conditions, relative to the baseline condition. Psychopathy also was associated with blunted P300 responses, a neural index of stimulus evaluation, across all types of T2 events. Finally, bottleneck-related interference during the short SOA events mediated the relationship between psychopathy and real-world behavior. These findings suggested that individuals higher on psychopathy exhibit an exaggerated bottleneck which produces intense and long-lasting interference, impacting all information processing and partially contributing to their maladaptive behavior. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink