Single-dose pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in infants and children
| Autor: | Jeffrey L. Blumer, Michael D. Reed, Toyoko S. Yamashita, J Goldfarb, E Lemon |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Tazobactam
Metabolic Clearance Rate Metabolite Penicillanic Acid Microbial Sensitivity Tests Urine Pharmacology chemistry.chemical_compound Pharmacokinetics polycyclic compounds Humans Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Child Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors Antibacterial agent Piperacillin Volume of distribution business.industry Infant Infectious Diseases chemistry Child Preschool beta-Lactamase Inhibitors business Research Article medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 38:2817-2826 |
| ISSN: | 1098-6596 0066-4804 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aac.38.12.2817 |
| Popis: | The pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam were assessed after single-dose administration to 47 infants and children. Study subjects ranging in age from 2 months to 12 years were randomized to receive one of two different doses of a piperacillin-tazobactam combination (8:1): a low dose (n = 23) of 50 and 6.25 mg of piperacillin and tazobactam per kg of body weight, respectively, or a high dose (n = 24) of 100 and 12.5 mg, respectively. The pharmacokinetic behavior of tazobactam was very similar to that observed for piperacillin, supporting the use of these two agents in a fixed-dose combination. No differences in the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin or tazobactam were observed between the two doses administered. The elimination parameters half-life and total body clearance decreased and increased, respectively, with increasing age, whereas volume parameters (volume of distribution and steady-state volume of distribution) remained relatively constant for both compounds. The primary metabolite of tazobactam, metabolite M1, was measurable in the plasma of 18 of the 47 study subjects; 17 of these 18 subjects received the high doses. More than 70% of the administered piperacillin and tazobactam doses were excreted unchanged in the urine over a 6-h collection period. These data combined with the known in vitro susceptibilities of a broad range of pediatric bacterial pathogens indicate that a dose of 100 mg of piperacillin and 12.5 of mg tazobactam per kg of body weight administered as a fixed-dose combination every 6 to 8 h would be appropriate to initiate clinical efficacy studies in infants and children for the treatment of systemic infections arising outside of the central nervous system. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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