Genome-wide analyses of human noroviruses provide insights on evolutionary dynamics and evidence of coexisting viral populations evolving under recombination constraints
| Autor: | Gabriel I. Parra, Robert H. Gilman, Maria E. Galeano, Holger Mayta, Kim Y. Green, Juan A. Stupka, Mayuko Saito, Hiroshi Ushijima, Amy U. Amanda Nwaba, Juan Ignacio Degiuseppe, Magaly Martinez, Mirko Zimic, Pattara Khamrin, Niwat Maneekarn, Lauren A. Ford-Siltz, Cara J. Lepore, Kentaro Tohma |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
RNA viruses viruses medicine.disease_cause Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Genome Biochemistry Polymerases Viral Packaging Genotype Capsids Medicine and Health Sciences Biology (General) Data Management Phylogenetic analysis Microbial mutation Phylogenetic tree Microbial Mutation virus diseases Phylogenetic Analysis Genomics Biological Evolution Phylogenetics Medical Microbiology Viral evolution Viral Pathogens Viruses Pathogens Research Article Computer and Information Sciences QH301-705.5 030106 microbiology Immunology Genome Viral Biology Microbiology DNA sequencing Caliciviruses Viral Evolution Human Genomics Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Virology DNA-binding proteins medicine Genetics Humans Evolutionary Systematics Evolutionary dynamics Molecular Biology Microbial Pathogens Taxonomy Evolutionary Biology Biology and life sciences Norovirus Organisms Proteins Genome analysis RC581-607 Organismal Evolution Viral Replication 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology Microbial Evolution Parasitology Immunologic diseases. Allergy Genome-Wide Association Study |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Pathogens PLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 7, p e1009744 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1553-7374 1553-7366 |
| Popis: | Norovirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Over 30 different genotypes, mostly from genogroup I (GI) and II (GII), have been shown to infect humans. Despite three decades of genome sequencing, our understanding of the role of genomic diversification across continents and time is incomplete. To close the spatiotemporal gap of genomic information of human noroviruses, we conducted a large-scale genome-wide analyses that included the nearly full-length sequencing of 281 archival viruses circulating since the 1970s in over 10 countries from four continents, with a major emphasis on norovirus genotypes that are currently underrepresented in public genome databases. We provided new genome information for 24 distinct genotypes, including the oldest genome information from 12 norovirus genotypes. Analyses of this new genomic information, together with those publicly available, showed that (i) noroviruses evolve at similar rates across genomic regions and genotypes; (ii) emerging viruses evolved from transiently-circulating intermediate viruses; (iii) diversifying selection on the VP1 protein was recorded in genotypes with multiple variants; (iv) non-structural proteins showed a similar branching on their phylogenetic trees; and (v) contrary to the current understanding, there are restrictions on the ability to recombine different genomic regions, which results in co-circulating populations of viruses evolving independently in human communities. This study provides a comprehensive genetic analysis of diverse norovirus genotypes and the role of non-structural proteins on viral diversification, shedding new light on the mechanisms of norovirus evolution and transmission. Author summary Norovirus is a highly diverse enteric pathogen. The large genomic database accumulated in the last three decades advanced our understanding of norovirus diversity; however, this information is limited by geographical bias, sporadic times of collection, and missing or incomplete genome sequences. In this multinational collaborative study, we mined archival samples collected since the 1970s and sequenced nearly full-length new genomes from 281 historical noroviruses, including the first full-length genomic sequences for three genotypes. Using this novel dataset, we found evidence for restrictions in the recombination of genetically disparate viruses and that diversifying selection results in new variants with different epidemiological profiles. These new insights on the diversification of noroviruses could provide baseline information for the study of future epidemics and ultimately the prevention of norovirus infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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