Effects of a temperature rise on melatonin and thyroid hormones during smoltification of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar

Autor: Stephen D. McCormick, Laura Gabriela Nisembaum, Michael Fuentes, Laurence Besseau, Jack Falcón, Elodie Magnanou, Patrick H. Martin
Přispěvatelé: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
030110 physiology
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Fish Proteins
Gills
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes
Acclimatization
Photoperiod
Salmo salar
Nocturnal
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Pineal Gland
Melatonin
03 medical and health sciences
Pineal gland
Endocrinology
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
14. Life underwater
Salmo
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Ecology
Evolution
Behavior and Systematics
Smoltification
photoperiodism
Life Cycle Stages
biology
Temperature
biology.organism_classification
Thyroxine
medicine.anatomical_structure
13. Climate action
Triiodothyronine
Animal Science and Zoology
Seasons
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
hormones
hormone substitutes
and hormone antagonists
medicine.drug
Hormone
Zdroj: Journal of Comparative Physiology B
Journal of Comparative Physiology B, Springer Verlag, 2020, 190 (6), pp.731-748. ⟨10.1007/s00360-020-01304-2⟩
ISSN: 1432-136X
0174-1578
DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01304-2⟩
Popis: Smoltification prepares juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for downstream migration. Dramatic changes characterize this crucial event in the salmon’s life cycle, including increased gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity (NKA) and plasma hormone levels. The triggering of smoltification relies on photoperiod and is modulated by temperature. Both provide reliable information, to which fish have adapted for thousands of years, that allows deciphering daily and calendar time. Here we studied the impact of different photoperiod (natural, sustained winter solstice) and temperature (natural, ~ + 4° C) combinations, on gill NKA, plasma free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and melatonin (MEL; the time-keeping hormone), throughout smoltification. We also studied the impact of temperature history on pineal gland MEL production in vitro. The spring increase in gill NKA was less pronounced in smolts kept under sustained winter photoperiod and/or elevated temperature. Plasma thyroid hormone levels displayed day–night variations, which were affected by elevated temperature, either independently from photoperiod (decrease in T3 levels) or under natural photoperiod exclusively (increase in T4 nocturnal levels). Nocturnal MEL secretion was potentiated by the elevated temperature, which also altered the MEL profile under sustained winter photoperiod. Temperature also affected pineal MEL production in vitro, a response that depended on previous environmental acclimation of the organ. The results support the view that the salmon pineal is a photoperiod and temperature sensor, highlight the complexity of the interaction of these environmental factors on the endocrine system of S. salar, and indicate that climate change might compromise salmon’s time “deciphering” during smoltification, downstream migration and seawater residence.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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