Rational Formulation of Alternative Fuels using QSPR Methods: Application to Jet Fuels
| Autor: | Bernard Rousseau, Nicolas Jeuland, Benoit Creton, D.A. Saldana, Pascal Mougin, Laurie Starck |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique D'Orsay (LCPO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Carbon chain Quantitative structure–activity relationship Chemistry business.industry General Chemical Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology Jet fuel 010402 general chemistry Branching (polymer chemistry) Alternative fuels 7. Clean energy 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Fuel Technology 020401 chemical engineering 13. Climate action Flash point Physical chemistry 0204 chemical engineering Process engineering business Cetane number Oxygenate |
| Zdroj: | Oil & Gas Science and Technology-Revue d'IFP Energies nouvelles Oil & Gas Science and Technology-Revue d'IFP Energies nouvelles, Institut Français du Pétrole, 2013, 68 (4), pp.651-662. ⟨10.2516/ogst/2012034⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1953-8189 1294-4475 |
| Popis: | International audience; Alternative fuels are a promising solution for road transport but also for aircraft. In the aviation field, a huge amount of work has been done in the past years with the approval to use up to 50 % by volume of SPK (Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene) in blends with conventional fossil Jet A-1. SPK are Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels but also Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA). However, these alternative fuels can have different chemical properties depending on the process used for their production. These properties include normal to iso paraffin ratio, carbon chain length and level of branching. R&D studies of alternative fuels are based on the evaluation of products coming from identified production processes. However, it appears that a better way of studying them could be firstly to determine the best chemical composition regarding aviation problems and secondly to find the best process and finishing process in order to obtain such a product. The objective of this work is to design a tool that aims to guide the future formulation of alternative fuels for aviation through the prediction of targeted physical properties. Thus, it is proposed to apply a methodology that identifies relationships between the structure and properties of a molecule (QSPR for Quantitative Structure Property Relationship), with the aim of establishing predictive models. These models will be built for hydrocarbons (normal and iso paraffins, naphthenes, aromatics, etc.) and oxygenated compounds (esters and alcohols). For aviation, oxygenated compounds are not considered as a drop-in fuel. It could be seen as a disruptive solution in a long term view. There are concerns with oxygenates in aviation that are covered in this paper such as the flash point but others such as the energetic content, the water affinity that are not taken into account in this paper. The properties currently studied are flash point, cetane number, density and viscosity. The data sets will contain data from the literature, from experimental measurements and from molecular simulations for complex molecules. The interest of such models in the selection of molecules can be shown for example by the trade-off between cold flow properties and density of paraffinic compounds. If the carbon chain length is too high, the cold flow properties are compromised. One solution can be to increase branching or incorporate fuel base with good cold flow properties such as naphthenic or aromatic compounds. However, this leads to a decrease in density below the jet fuel specification. Again, using naphthenic of alkyl-aromatic compounds produced from biomass can help. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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