Smoked Tobacco, Air Pollution, and Tuberculosis in Lao PDR: Findings from a National Sample
| Autor: | Natassia Muffley, Pramil N. Singh, Anne Berit Petersen, Khamphithoun Somsamouth |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Air pollution lcsh:Medicine medicine.disease_cause tobacco Tobacco smoke 0302 clinical medicine Indoor air quality Risk Factors Smoke 030212 general & internal medicine Cooking Family Characteristics indoor air pollution Tobacco control Smoking 1. No poverty Middle Aged 3. Good health Geography Laos Air Pollution Indoor Charcoal Cluster sampling Environmental Pollutants Female Adult Tuberculosis Adolescent 030231 tropical medicine Sample (statistics) Fires Article 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult biomass fuels Environmental health medicine Humans crop Aged cooking fires lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health medicine.disease 13. Climate action Tobacco Smoke Pollution Biomass fuels |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 16 Issue 17 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 17, p 3059 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | In 2017, more than half of the global burden of incident tuberculosis (TB) came from the Western Pacific region. In Lao People&rsquo s Democratic Republic (PDR), the high rates of tobacco use and use of polluting biomass fuels for cooking (e.g., wood, charcoal, crop waste, dung) represent significant risk factors for TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between self-reported (1) smoking and TB and (2) exposure to air pollution (from both cooking fires and environmental tobacco smoke) and TB among adults in Lao PDR. We analyzed data from the 2012 National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATSL) of Lao PDR&mdash a multi-stage stratified cluster sample of 9706 subjects from 2822 households located in all 17 provinces. Utilizing a nationally representative sample and inferential, multivariable methods, we observed a significant increase in odds of self-reported TB among those who smoked tobacco (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = (1.00 to 2.98)). Larger multivariable models identified independent contributions from exposure to tobacco pipes (OR = 21.51, 95% CI = (6.34 to 72.89)) and communal outdoor fires (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = (1.15 to 4.49)). An index measuring combined exposure to smoked tobacco, environmental tobacco smoke in enclosed workspace, indoor cooking fire, trash fires, and other outdoor communal fires also showed a positive association (OR per added exposure = 1.47, 95% CI = (1.14 to 1.89)). The findings of this study underscore the need for multi-sectoral collaboration between tobacco control, environmental health, TB prevention and treatment programs, national authorities, policy makers, civil groups, and the private sector to address the convergence of potential risk factors impacting respiratory health in Lao PDR. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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