Effectiveness of water softening residuals as components of road deicing chemicals: Model analysis of freezing point depression
| Autor: | Alexander P. Mathews |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
0208 environmental biotechnology Magnesium Compounds 02 engineering and technology Acetates 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law Reuse 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Chlorides Freezing Magnesium Leaching (agriculture) Waste Management and Disposal Softening 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Waste management Deicing chemicals General Medicine Calcium magnesium acetate Dewatering Water softening 020801 environmental engineering chemistry Water Softening Freezing-point depression Environmental science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental Management. 293:112888 |
| ISSN: | 0301-4797 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112888 |
| Popis: | Water softening residuals disposal is a worldwide issue due to the lack of effective reuse alternatives. The current principal disposal methods of landfilling and land application are quite costly due to the dewatering and transportation costs involved, and these operations can also cause potential environmental harm from leaching of the additives used in the treatment process. This research is aimed at the use of water softening residuals in the production of biodegradable road deicers that would be beneficial in replacing the highly corrosive and environmentally harmful chloride salts that are currently used for road deicing. Experimental data developed show that calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) and calcium magnesium propionate (CMP) deicers produced using water plant sludges are effective in deicing applications. A mathematical model is developed for predicting freezing point depression of CMA and CMP deicers as a function of molal concentration. The model predictions are found to match well with the experimental data, providing confidence in the use of this model for the effective design water softening sludge based deicers. The information developed herein provides options for the sustainable management of softening residuals and the concommitant mitigation of environmental harm associated with road deicing operations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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