Carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in young adult passive smokers: A pilot study comparing waterpipe to cigarette
| Autor: | Amal El Hajje, Rachelle Bejjany, Pascale Salameh, Joseph Salamé, Sanaa Awada, Rouba Karen Zeidan, Samar Rachidi, Wafaa Bawab |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male respiratory health Adolescent Cross-sectional study Respiratory System lcsh:Medicine Pilot Projects complex mixtures Young Adult Surveys and Questionnaires Environmental health waterpipe smoke Humans Medicine Cigarette smoke Respiratory system Sidestream smoke Young adult Second hand smoke Respiratory health Carbon Monoxide business.industry cigarette smoke lcsh:R technology industry and agriculture Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine humanities second hand smoke Cross-Sectional Studies population characteristics Female Tobacco Smoke Pollution business carbon monoxide level |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Vol 27, Iss 4, Pp 571-582 (2014) |
| ISSN: | 1896-494X |
| DOI: | 10.2478/s13382-014-0246-z |
| Popis: | Objectives: Studies have correlated second hand smoke (SHS) with many diseases, especially respiratory effects. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of SHS on the respiratory symptoms and exhaled carbon monoxide. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 50 young workers in restaurants serving waterpipes, 48 university students who sit frequently in the university cafeteria where cigarette smoking is allowed and 49 university students spending time in places where smoking is not allowed. Subjects completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and exposure to SHS. Exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured. ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used when applicable as well as linear and logistic regression analysis. Results: Exposure to cigarette smoke in university (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 6.06) and occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (ORa = 7.08) were predictors of chronic cough. Being married (ORa = 6.40), living near a heavy traffic road (ORa = 9.49) or near a local power generator (ORa = 7.54) appeared responsible for chronic sputum production. Moreover, predictors of chronic allergies were: being male (ORa = 7.81), living near a local power generator (ORa = 5.52) and having a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (ORa = 17.01). Carbon monoxide levels were augmented by the number of weekly hours of occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (β = 1.46) and the number of daily hours of exposure to cigarette smoke (β = 1.14). Conclusions: In summary, young non-smoker subjects demonstrated more chronic cough and elevated carbon monoxide levels when exposed to SHS while the effect of waterpipe was even more evident. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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