Comparison of techniques to control the aggressive environmental invasive species Galenia pubescens in a degraded grassland reserve, Victoria, Australia
| Autor: | Ako H. Mahmood, Christopher Turville, Grant C. Palmer, James F Sillitoe, David I. McLaren, Friedrich P. Graz, Singarayer Florentine |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Invasive Species lcsh:Medicine Introduced species Plant Science 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Invasive species Grassland chemistry.chemical_compound lcsh:Science Multidisciplinary geography.geographical_feature_category Galenia pubescens biology Ecology Plant Anatomy Eukaryota food and beverages Agriculture 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Vegetation Native plant Plants Lipids Terrestrial Environments Glyphosate Grasslands Seeds Agrochemicals Research Article Victoria 010603 evolutionary biology Models Biological Species Colonization Grasses Plant Communities geography Herbicides Plant Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences lcsh:R Organisms Biology and Life Sciences biology.organism_classification Agronomy chemistry Seedlings 040103 agronomy & agriculture Aizoaceae 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries lcsh:Q Weeds Introduced Species Mulch Oils |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 11, p e0203653 (2018) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Across many southern regions of Australia, native grasslands have become seriously threatened by human activity, with only a fraction of the original areas remaining undisturbed. In particular, the introduction and establishment of exotic invasive weeds has caused significant degradation to the ecosystems in these areas by contributing to a decrease in native plant density and diversity, and this has ultimately led to major changes to the ecosystem structure and function. One such example is Galenia pubescens. Our objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of four different attempts to control G. pubescens: herbicide control with glyphosate; organic herbicide control with pine oil; the application of mulch; and the addition of seeds of native species to the seedbank. Results shows that any one single control strategy is insufficient to control G. pubescens, and, in addition, it has shown that regeneration of native vegetation is limited unless direct seeding is applied. There was a strong indication that a combined strategy employing more than two of the aforementioned techniques is likely to be the most effective approach, at least in the short term. Underscoring the complexity of this task, our analysis on foliage cover of G. pubescens shows that the interaction of pine oil and glyphosate treatments appeared to be very effective after six months, but were not so effective after 18 months. By contrast, seeding with native seeds was not particularly effective at six months, but its longer-term contribution appears to be effective at 18 months. Further, our results obtained from the seedbank abundance study indicate that time alone was not a significant factor in restoration of the grasslands (p = 0.165); however there were interactions with time, shown by time*glyphosate (p = 0.008) and time*seeding (p = 0.016). Both interactions indicated that the applications of glyphosate and seeding were more beneficial after 18 months compared to six months. However, full regeneration of invaded native grasslands may not be possible unless further restoration programs are re-implemented after the first cycle of G. pubescens’ treatments have been completed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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