Executive and attentional contributions to Theory of Mind deficit in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
| Autor: | Hichem Slama, Tatiana Capiau, Virginie Drabs, Isabelle Massat, Philippe Peigneux, Philippe Mousty, Alison Mary |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Theory of Mind Neuropsychological Tests behavioral disciplines and activities Developmental psychology Executive functions 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function 0302 clinical medicine Cognition Theory of mind mental disorders Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention Interpersonal Relations Neuropsychologie Child Socioemotional selectivity theory 05 social sciences Attentional control Neurosciences cognitives Flexibility (personality) medicine.disease Neurologie pédiatrique Inhibition Psychological Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Case-Control Studies Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Faux pas Female Symptom Assessment Psychology Psychologie cognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 050104 developmental & child psychology Psychiatrie |
| Zdroj: | Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section C, Child neuropsychology |
| ISSN: | 1744-4136 |
| Popis: | Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children has been associated with attentional and executive problems, but also with socioemotional difficulties possibly associated with deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM). Socioemotional problems in ADHD are associated with more negative prognoses, notably interpersonal, educational problems, and an increased risk of developing other psychiatric disorders that emphasize the need to clarify the nature of their ToM deficits. In this study, we hypothesized that ToM dysfunction in children with ADHD is largely attributable to their attentional and/or executive deficits. Thirty-one children with ADHD (8-12 years, IQ > 85) and 31 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using executive functions (inhibition, planning, and flexibility) and attentional tasks, as well as two advanced ToM tasks (Reading the Mind in the Eyes and Faux Pas) involving different levels of executive control. Children with ADHD performed more poorly than TD children in attentional, executive function, and ToM tasks. Linear regression analyses conducted in the ADHD group indicated that inhibition scores predicted performance on the "Faux Pas" task the best, while attention scores were the best for predicting performance on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task. When controlled for inhibition and attentional variables, ToM performance in children with ADHD was actually similar to TD children. Contrarily, controlling for ToM scores did not normalize performance for inhibition and attentional tasks in children with ADHD. This unidirectional relationship suggests that deficits in the EF and attentional domains are responsible for ToM deficits in ADHD, which therefore may contribute to their socioemotional difficulties. SCOPUS: ar.j info:eu-repo/semantics/published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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