Epidemiology of capybara-associated Brazilian spotted fever
| Autor: | Beatriz Lopes, Daniel Moura de Aguiar, José Brites-Neto, Maria Carolina de Azevedo Serpa, Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández, Patrícia Ferreira Monticelli, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Jardel Brasil, Thiago da Costa Dias, Diego Garcia Ramirez, Francisco B. Costa, Hermes Ribeiro Luz, Vlamir José Rocha, Matias Pablo Juan Szabó, Ana Maria Nievas, Thiago F. Martins, Vanessa do Nascimento Ramos, Celso Eduardo de Souza, Raquel Soares Juliano, Richard de Campos Pacheco, Hector R. Benatti, Lina C. Binder, Marcio Port Carvalho, Camila Lopes Simeoni, Igor da Cunha Lima Acosta, Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Maria Estela Gaglianone Moro, Ubiratan Piovezan, Marcelo Bahia Labruna |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Life Cycles Rocky Mountain spotted fever RC955-962 Rickettsia rickettsii Fevers Disease Vectors Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Geographical locations Ticks Larvae 0302 clinical medicine Seroepidemiologic Studies Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Rickettsia Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Ecology biology Eukaryota Bacterial Pathogens Infectious Diseases Medical Microbiology Sympatric speciation Pathogens Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Brazil Ixodidae Research Article Arthropoda 030231 tropical medicine Zoology Rodentia Tick Microbiology Ecosystems 03 medical and health sciences Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Medicine Arachnida medicine Animals Nymph Microbial Pathogens Ecosystem Bacteria Ixodes Ecology and Environmental Sciences Organisms Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Biology and Life Sciences South America biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Invertebrates FEBRE MACULOSA Nymphs Species Interactions 030104 developmental biology Species richness People and places Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 9, p e0007734 (2019) Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| Popis: | Background Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, has been associated with the transmission by the tick Amblyomma sculptum, and one of its main hosts, the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). Methods During 2015–2019, we captured capybaras and ticks in seven highly anthropic areas of São Paulo state (three endemic and four nonendemic for BSF) and in two natural areas of the Pantanal biome, all with established populations of capybaras. Results The BSF-endemic areas were characterized by much higher tick burdens on both capybaras and in the environment, when compared to the BSF-nonendemic areas. Only two tick species (A. sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum) were found in the anthropic areas; however, with a great predominance of A. sculptum (≈90% of all ticks) in the endemic areas, in contrast to a slight predominance of A. dubitatum (≈60%) in the nonendemic areas. Tick species richness was higher in the natural areas, where six species were found, albeit with a predominance of A. sculptum (≈95% of all ticks) and environmental tick burdens much lower than in the anthropic areas. The BSF-endemic areas were characterized by overgrowth populations of A. sculptum that were sustained chiefly by capybaras, and decreased populations of A. dubitatum. In contrast, the BSF-nonendemic areas with landscape similar to the endemic areas differed by having lower tick burdens and a slight predominance of A. dubitatum over A.sculptum, both sustained chiefly by capybaras. While multiple medium- to large-sized mammals have been incriminated as important hosts for A. sculptum in the natural areas, the capybara was the only important host for this tick in the anthropic areas. Conclusions The uneven distribution of R. rickettsii infection among A. sculptum populations in highly anthropic areas of São Paulo state could be related to the tick population size and its proportion to sympatric A. dubitatum populations. Author summary Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, is the deadliest tick-borne disease of the New World. In southeastern Brazil, where 489 patients succumbed to the disease from 2001 to 2018, R. rickettsii is transmitted to humans mainly by the tick Amblyomma sculptum, which uses the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) as its main host. During 2015–2019, we captured capybaras and ticks in seven highly anthropic areas of São Paulo state (three endemic and four nonendemic for BSF) and in two natural areas of the Pantanal biome. The BSF-endemic areas were characterized by much higher tick burdens on both capybaras and in the environment, with a predominance of Amblyomma sculptum. In the BSF-nonendemic areas, another tick species, Amblyomma dubitatum, outnumbered A. sculptum. In the natural areas, six tick species were found; however, with much lower numbers than in the anthropic areas. The BSF-endemic areas were characterized by overgrowth populations of A. sculptum that were sustained chiefly by capybaras, and decreased populations of A. dubitatum. Results of this study support the idea that any intervention resulting in a drastic reduction of the A. sculptum population shall eliminate the R. rickettsii infection from the tick population, and consequently, prevent new BSF cases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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