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Introduction Patients with various acquired diseases (e.g. cerebrovascular accident, traumatic brain injury), degenerative diseases (e.g. Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), among others, may benefit from therapy protocols with orofacial exercise. But, an important role for this therapy process as documentation of the orofacial myofunctional characteristics is necessary. The Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation Protocol with Scores (OMES) is an instrument validated to assess orofacial myofunctional status on children and adults. So far, the expanded version (OMES-E) in terms of numerical scales and items was validated for children only. The aims of this study were to analyze the validity, the reliability of the OMES-E protocol in adults. Materials and methods Participants were 50 subjects (21 to 59 years old, mean 41.44 ± 11.38), without distinction of race and gender. The exclusion criteria were neurological or cognitive deficit, tumors or traumas in the head and neck, and use of medication. One speech therapist performed the examination . To analyze criterion validity, the subjects were evaluated individually with the OMES-E protocol, according to the previously described methodology. After, based on video-recorded images, the subjects were revaluated using the OMES as reference protocol. The correlation between the protocols was calculated. The test of the reliability of interpretation of the OMES-E was performed with revaluation of 20% of the sample. To analyze the construct validity, we calculated the sensitivity (S), specificity (E), accuracy (A) and predictive values (VP+ e VP−). For these, the cut-off point proposed for OMES and OMES-S, the 75th, was adopted. Thus, subjects who presented an OMES score lower than 80 and an OMES-E score lower than 152 were considered to have relevant OMD. Descriptive statistical analysis for the OMES-E protocol was performed. Spearman correlation and coefficient Kappa weighted (Kw) was performed using the MedCalc software. Significance level was 0.05. Results There was statistical correlation between the OMES and OMES-E protocols ( r = 0.87). Inter-examiner (E1 × E2) agreement and reliability with the OMES-E protocol was 0.74 and r = 0.75 respectively. For the OMES-E protocol mean values of 0.90 for A, 0.67 for S, 0.91 for E, 0.77 for VP+ and 0.86 for VP− were found. Conclusion Thus, the OMES-E protocol is valid and reliable for adult orofacial myofunctional evaluation, with good S, E and A, as well as predictive values. Acknowledgements This work received support from CAPES, the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Postgraduate Education. |
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