Bone acquisition during adolescence in athletes
| Autor: | Apostolos G. Vagenakis, Neoklis A. Georgopoulos, Athanasios Tsekouras, Anastasia Theodoropoulou, Kostas B. Markou |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Bone growth
medicine.medical_specialty biology Bone density business.industry Athletes General Neuroscience Physical fitness Osteoporosis Poison control Physiology medicine.disease biology.organism_classification General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Sexual dimorphism Osteopenia History and Philosophy of Science Physical therapy Medicine business |
| Zdroj: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1205:12-16 |
| ISSN: | 0077-8923 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05675.x |
| Popis: | Bone mass (BM) and skeletal size are similar in prepubertal girls and boys and double between the onset of puberty and early adult life. Sex steroids are responsible for the maturation in human skeleton, as well as for the sexual dimorphism, observed after the onset of puberty. Physical activity in childhood is critical for maximizing bone growth and thus for preventing osteoporosis during older age. Therefore, it constitutes the most effective prevention strategy available. In athletes, high-impact loading activities have been shown to improve BM, whereas in sports requiring a lean somatotype (therefore leading to a negative energy balance), the delay in skeletal maturation and pubertal development predisposes athletes to osteopenia and osteoporosis. Although the early onset of training, the continuous intensive exercise and its long duration attenuate bone acquisition, the excess mechanical load to which these athletes are exposed from a young age exerts beneficial effects on bone formation that lead to a positive net-effect on BM. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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