When bottom-up meets top-down
| Autor: | Oded Shoseyov, Zvi Shtein |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
Toughness Multidisciplinary Materials science Compression molding Nanotechnology 02 engineering and technology Top-down and bottom-up design Polymer 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Natural (archaeology) 0104 chemical sciences SILK Machining chemistry Biochemical engineering 0210 nano-technology Resilience (network) |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114:428-429 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1619392114 |
| Popis: | In nature, materials are built in a “bottom-up” manner, relying on the self-assembly of fundamental building blocks, and have evolved over thousands of years of natural selection to achieve impressive performance. Materials in nature are sustainably designed in a hierarchical and multifunctional way to be lightweight while also providing toughness and resilience, and to possess biotic and abiotic resistance. Since the industrial revolution and accompanying advancement of modern material science, most of our industrial materials are synthetic polymers and metals, which, unlike natural materials, are processed into products using a “top-down” approach. Many synthetic polymers are nondegradable, and their production processes are associated with a significant negative environmental impact. Marelli et al. (1) were the first to apply the top-down approach usually reserved for man-made materials to natural silk embedded with functional materials such as enzymes and light- and strain-responsive nanoparticles. This work was mainly possible due to the thermoplastic properties of silk, which enable compression molding, and its stiffness, which enables machining. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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