| Autor: |
David M. Lyerly, William A. Petri, Jhansi L. Leslie, Mayuresh M. Abhyankar, David B Stewart, Gregory R Madden, Robert J. Carman, Mary K Young |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| Předmět: |
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| DOI: |
10.1101/2021.07.30.21261256 |
| Popis: |
BackgroundThe incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has increased over the past two decades and is considered an urgent threat by the Centers for Disease Control. Hypervirulent strains such as ribotype 027, that possess genes for an additional toxin C. difficile binary toxin (CDT) are contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. In the mouse model, CDT activates Toll-like receptor 2 resulting in suppression of a protective type 2 innate immune response mediated by eosinophils.MethodsWe retrospectively tested stool from 215 CDI patients for CDT by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Stratifying patients by CDT status, we assessed if disease severity and clinical outcomes correlated with CDT positivity. Additionally, we performed 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to examine if CDT positive samples had an altered fecal microbiota.ResultsWe found that patients with CdtB, the pore forming component of CDT, detected in their stool were more likely to have severe disease and had higher 90-day mortality compared to CDT negative patients. CDT positive patients also had higher C. difficile bacterial burden and white blood cell counts. There was no significant difference in gut microbiome diversity between CDT positive and negative patients.ConclusionsPatients with fecal samples that were positive for CDT had increased disease severity and worse clinical outcomes. Utilization of PCR and C. difficile Toxins A and B testing may not reveal the entire picture when diagnosing CDI and the detection of CDT-expressing strains may be valuable during patient treatment.SummaryWe found that CDI patients with CDT detected in stool by immunoassay were more likely to have severe disease and had higher 90-day mortality. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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