| Popis: |
The definition of nanoparticles (NP) and nanomaterial (NM) in the scientific literature identifies them as small particles, molecules, or devices that have novel properties and functions or the ability to control or manipulate matter on an atomic scale. The term “engineered nanoparticle” (ENP) is the most often used term for manipulated or engineered particles; when particles are originated from biological materials, they are termed “bionanoparticles.” Nanotechnology is a broad and interdisciplinary field that deals with the structure and functions of particles at the nanoscale. Water scarcity is a global issue. To overcome that, it is necessary to reuse and recycle wastewater at all consumption levels, domestic as well as industrial. There are many treatment techniques for industrial wastewater treatment but due to the rapid growth of nanotechnology, the synergistic interaction of two technologies, and the method of preparation, bionanoparticles are the most appropriate and effective technique for wastewater treatment. Many toxic materials such as heavy metal ions and azo dyes in wastewater cannot be completely removed during wastewater treatment processes that are commonly used on a large scale. These toxic materials are permanently introduced into rivers and streams by wastewater discharges and such diffusion runoff into agricultural fields may contribute, to a smaller extent, to overall pollution. The different types of biomaterials made from plants, animals, and microbes have been use at the nanoscale for clean-up technology as well environmental bioremediation such as wastewater treatment. |
