Effects of High-speed Wind, Humidity, and Temperature on the Generation of a SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol; a Novel Point of View

Autor:	Sevda Arash-Azad, Rahim Nejadrahim, Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Moharram Jafari, Naser Rezaei, Faramarz Talati, Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Ata Nazari
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	Materials science Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) technology industry and agriculture Humidity Mechanics Deformation (meteorology) Breakup complex mixtures Pollution eye diseases Aerosol Volume of fluid method Environmental Chemistry Relative humidity Respiratory system
Zdroj:	Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 21:200574
ISSN:	2071-1409 1680-8584
DOI:	10.4209/aaqr.200574
Popis:	The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading across communities around the world. Respiratory droplet transmission is a common transmission route for many airborne diseases, including novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Wearing the face mask prevents respiratory droplet transmission. Both face mask leakage and non-use of the face mask under high-speed wind conditions can increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The respiratory droplets’ behavior during sneezing or coughing (i.e., the size and the distance between droplets) depends on face mask wearing. The respiratory droplets during coughing and sneezing break apart into extremely small respiratory droplets (i.e., cloud of aerosol) upon interaction with the high-speed wind condition. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method has been used to study the deformation and breakup of a single respiratory droplet placed in high-speed wind flow in the presence of smaller neighboring respiratory droplets. The effect of the diameter of respiratory droplets and the distance between them on the breakup mechanism has been investigated using open-source field operation and manipulation (OpenFOAM) libraries. The results are presented for the dimensionless distance and the normalized diameter of the secondary respiratory droplet in the ranges of 2 to 6 and 0.4 to 0.8, respectively. According to the results of simulations, the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 increases with a decrease in respiratory droplet breakup time. In addition, the effects of ambient relative humidity and temperature on the cloud of respiratory particles were analyzed. © 2021, AAGR Aerosol and Air Quality Research. All rights reserved.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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