Phoma diseases: Epidemiology and control
Autor: | Ahamed Khan, Nrisingha Dey, Debasish Deb |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine biology Secondary infection fungi food and beverages Plant Science Dothideomycetes Horticulture biology.organism_classification Actin cytoskeleton 01 natural sciences Crop 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology Botany Genetics Phoma Root rot Blight Pleosporales Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | Plant Pathology. 69:1203-1217 |
ISSN: | 1365-3059 0032-0862 |
Popis: | Phoma is the most widely distributed and omnipresent genus of the order Pleosporales and the largest genus with some 3,000 taxa described so far. Of these, approximately 110 species are pathogenic and occupy varied ecological niches. The genus Phoma is polyphyletic and is not really delimited, with unclear species boundaries that make it a taxonomically controversial genus. Fungi belonging to Phoma commonly occur on crop plants that are economically important, where they cause devastating plant diseases. Pathogenic members of Phoma sensu lato species attack crop plants with symptoms ranging from leaf blight to root rot, and even wilting of the plant. In infected crop residues and field stubbles, the pathogen produces abundant pycnidia and pseudothecia that serve as the source of primary inoculum, whilst repeated crops of conidia produced inside pycnidia are the main source of secondary infection during the same growing season. After successful infection, the pathogen produces various phytotoxins that alter photosynthetic efficiency and actin cytoskeleton‐based functions, and cause electrolyte leakage from cells. Controlling the diseases caused by members of Phoma sensu lato is challenging and efforts have been made to identify resistant varieties that can be used in various plant breeding programmes. Studies have also been conducted to devise cultural and biological control measures as well as to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides against members of Phoma sensu lato. In this review we aim to discuss the disease epidemiology and control measures that can be practised to protect crops from Phoma diseases. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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