| Popis: |
Obesity has become a serious global health problem affecting both adults and children. Unfortunately, Mexico has the highest rate of obesity worldwide. This pandemic is defined as an abnormal and excessive accumulation of adipose tissue [1], which is harmful to health. In most cases, other than genetic reasons, it is caused by an energetic imbalance between spent and consumed calories, which causes cardiovascular diseases as diabetes, hypertension, metabolic imbalances, among others. Thermoregulation is the capacity of the human body to modify its temperature within certain limits adapting to thermal stress to maintain thermoneutrality (a state of homeostasis) [3]. The human body utilizes mechanisms of heat dissipation like sweating, vasodilatation, vasoconstriction which are activated depending on the environmental or disease situation. The temperature at which vital organs are maintained is called core body temperature ranging between 36.0°C - 37.5°C, and can be measured sublingual, in the rectum or the auditory canal. Body temperature is normally regulated to maintain the core temperature, that of the blood and the internal organs and is determined by the balance between metabolic heat production and heat loss; it varies between 37.0±0.5°C. According to WHO, an optimal environmental temperature ranges between 18 °C and 24°C [4] in order to maintain the core body temperature in physiological conditions, values which are based on statistical average. We explore the potential role of external and core temperature in energy balance. 42 participants divided in Normal (N), overweight (OW) and obese (O) young women out of the ovulatory state performed bicycle exercise for 15 min in a climatic chamber at 38°C previous acclimatization period. Skin and core temperature, cardiac frequency, arterial pressure and oxygen consumption were measured once before, every 2.5 minutes during and every minute after the exercise reaching the initial temperature value. Our results indicate an important increase in core temperature for OW and O population compared to N women. External temperature was higher in N women compared to OW and O. Notably; N women reach their initial temperature 3 times more rapidly than O and OW women. Our data suggest a compelling evidence for a thermogenic handicap in the obese Mexican population. |
