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The subject of this research is the social and conceptual prerequisites for the formation of inclusive approaches towards design in Russia in the late XX century. The goal consists in determination and analysis of inclusive discourse in the USSR as an additional factor for the formation of modern inclusive practice in Russia. The article refers to the analysis of the Soviet theoretical heritage, which has developed similar issues since the 1920s. Brief overview is given to the genesis of available design in Europe, United States and Russia, specificity of popular inclusive concepts. The author explores the inclusive discourse in the USSR, which includes human-oriented ideas, concepts and approaches in the social sphere and design. The novelty consists in consideration of the works of Soviet theoreticians in the area of design in the context of modern inclusive approaches, which allowed characterizing the unique inclusive discourse in the USSR as an additional factor in adaptation of foreign inclusive methodology to the Russian realities; the new ideas for its development are introduced. The following conclusions are made: 1) the Soviet theory of design has developed sufficient grounds for the formation of the original inclusive concept with social process-oriented nature and operation on the level of functional ties; 2) In development of inclusive methodology, it is more effective to refer to any existing inclusive concepts adaptively, rather than mechanically, since the leading factor of adaptation lies in correspondence with the local sociocultural context; 3) for the Russian sociocultural context, most organic is the concept of universal design due to its international character and focus of delicate integration of various social groups. |
