| Popis: |
Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, and Claviceps-infected foods, feed products, and pasture grasses have been the focus of analytical methodologies for mycotoxin research. Owing to the diversity of mycotoxins that occur in food and feed products and their isolation and identification procedures, it is beyond the scope of these discussions to cover all analytical methods employed for mycotoxin analyses. This chapter focuses on the various chemical procedures and methods used in the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the major mycotoxins in which definitive safety guidelines have been suggested for animal and human health. The ergot alkaloids are probably the earliest recorded mycotoxins in which the analytical methodology took over 200 years to come abreast with their toxicology and pharmacology. Since the endophytic fungi of pasture grasses are systemic infections of their host versus the localize seed head infection of Claviceps, the extraction of the ergot alkaloids from the two matrices illustrates how background materials influence the isolation and analytical processes. |
