Population Mortality and Laws Encouraging Influenza Vaccination for Hospital Workers

Autor:	Mariana Carrera, Emily C. Lawler, Corey White
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	education.field_of_study business.industry Mortality rate Population General Medicine medicine.disease Vaccination Pneumonia Elderly persons Law Health care Internal Medicine Medicine Observational study business education Disease transmission
Zdroj:	Annals of Internal Medicine. 174:444-452
ISSN:	1539-3704 0003-4819
DOI:	10.7326/m20-0413
Popis:	Background Since 1995, 14 states have passed laws encouraging or mandating influenza vaccination for hospital workers. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends vaccinating health care workers to reduce disease transmission and patient risk, the effect of these laws on pneumonia and influenza mortality is unknown. Objective To measure the effect of state-level hospital worker influenza vaccination laws on pneumonia and influenza mortality. Design Quasi-experimental observational study. Setting United States. Participants Population of all states from 1995 to 2017. Intervention State adoption of a law promoting influenza vaccination for hospital workers. Measurements Pneumonia and influenza mortality per 100 000 persons by state and by month, both population-wide and separately by age group, obtained from restricted-access National Vital Statistics System files. Linear and log-linear models were used to compare changes in mortality rates for adopting versus nonadopting states. Results Implementation of state laws requiring hospitals to offer influenza vaccination to their employees was associated with a 2.5% reduction in the monthly pneumonia and influenza mortality rate (-0.16 deaths per 100 000 persons [95% CI, -0.29 to -0.02]; P = 0.022) during the years when the vaccine was well matched to the circulating strains. The largest effects occurred among elderly persons and during peak influenza months. Limitation Utilization of large-scale national data precluded analysis of more specific outcomes, such as laboratory-confirmed or hospital-acquired influenza. Conclusion State laws promoting hospital worker vaccination against influenza may be effective in preventing pneumonia- and influenza-related deaths, particularly among elderly persons. Vaccinating hospital workers may substantially reduce the spread of influenza and protect the most vulnerable populations. Primary funding source None.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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