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The genus Pisum is a member of the order Fabales, family Fabaceae, tribe Viciae. It consists of a broad range of morphologically distinct types spread worldwide, many of which are described as separate species. Pisum is indigenous to Central Asia, Eurasia, and, as a secondary place of origin, the eastern Mediterranean (Hawkes 1983). Recent cytological and genetic research has proved that all species have a chromosome number of 2n = 14, and no natural polyploid forms have been discovered (Jaranowski and Micke 1985). All wild types are divided into the following five species: Pisum formosum Stev., P. fulvum Sibth. et Sm., P. abyssinicum Braun., P. humile Boiss. et Noe, and P. elatius Stev. Pisum sativum L. is divided into two subspecies: ssp. hortense A. et Gr. — the garden pea, and ssp. arvense (L.) A. et Gr. — the field pea (syn. P. arvense L.). |
