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This study was performed to evaluate the spray toxicity and leaf residual toxicity of 52 kinds ofinsecticides registered for strawberry against adult honeybee Apis mellifera. According to the IOBC standard,the acute toxicity by spraying showed below 30% was classified as non-toxic. Among tested insecticides, 32insecticides (flonicamid, lufenuron, novaluron, three kinds of acetamiprid, thiacloprid, milbemectin, acequinocyl,TBI-1, two kinds of chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, cyenopyrafen, cyfumetofen, etoxazole, fenpyroximate,flubendiamide, flufenoxuron, hexythiazox, metaflumizone, two kinds of methoxyfenozide, DBB-2032, pyridalyl,spiromesifen, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, acetamiprid + methoxyfenozide, acrinathrin + spiromesifen, bifenazate+ spiromesifen, cyenopyrafen + flufenoxuron) did not show any toxic effect, it is thought to be safe. And theothers (20 insecticides) showed higher toxicity to honeybee. Insecticides which showed acute toxicity higherthan 90% was selected and tested the residual toxicity. All insecticides except emamectin benzoate EC, andindoxacarb SC showed 100% mortality at one day after treatment (DAT). However, the toxicities ofemamectin benzoate, indoxacarb SC, and abamectin did not show until 3, 7, 14 DAT, respectively. Nineinsecticides such as indoxacarb WP, thiamethoxam WG, abamectin + chlorantraniliprole SC, acetamiprid +etofenprox WP, acetamiprid + indoxacarb WP, bifenthrin + clothianidin SC, bifenthrin + imidacloprid WP,bifenazate + pyridaben SC, chlorfenapyr + clothianidin SC showed over 90% residual toxicity until 31 Day.In pouring treatment, thiamethoxam WG showed 76.9% mortality at 28 DAT and 50.0% mortality at 31 DAT.After 35 days, thiamethoxam WG showed no effect to honeybee. Bifenthrin + clothianidin SC andtefluthrin + thiamethoxam GR showed 57.1 and 80.0% mortality at 24 DAT, respectively. In sprayingtreatment, thiamethoxam WG and bifenthrin+clothianidin SC showed very high residual toxicity with 100%mortality in thirty-five DAT. After spraying treatment with thiamethoxam WG, bifenthrin+clothianidin SC,bifenthrin + imidacloprid WP, thiamethoxam WG showed 100% residual toxicity until 21 DAT and there wasno activity after 28 DAT. Bifenthrin+clothianidin SC and bifenthrin+imidacloprid WP showed very highresidual toxicity until 49 DAT.Key words Honeybee, Insecticide, Residual toxicity, Strawberry*Corresponding authorTel: +82-43-220-5841, Fax: +82-43-220-5839E-mail: hyenmo01@korea.krORIGINAL ARTICLES / TOXICOLOGY |
