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Publisher Summary The challenge of diabetic retinopathy remains a formidable one to the ophthalmologist for various reasons. Some of the reasons are (1) up to 5% of the general population may be diabetic (National Commission on Diabetes, 1973), (2) the incidence of retinopathy among diabetics is about 50% ( Cullen, 1972 ), and (3) diabetic retinopathy is, by and large, a treatable condition so that blindness can be prevented by treatment. Indeed, of all the major complications of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy is the most amenable to therapy. To apportion medical care most effectively, it is desirable to identify both the groups of patients most likely to be at risk of blindness and the cases suffering from the type of retinopathy, which is the most effective to treat in terms of preventing visual deterioration. Therefore, it is necessary to identify risk factors and to classify diabetic retinopathy. Nonocular factors in the development of diabetic retinopathy include diabetic control, hypertension, pregnancy, renal disease, age, and sex. |
