Opioids, Race, and Drug Enforcement: Exploring Local Relationships Between Neighborhood Context and Black–White Opioid-Related Possession Arrests

Autor:	Hannah G. Cortina, Tammy L. Anderson, Ellen A. Donnelly, Daniel J. O'Connell, Madeline Stenger, Jascha Wagner
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	030505 public health Opioid abuse Redress Possession (law) Criminology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Opioid medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Neighborhood context Substance use 0305 other medical science Psychology Law Drug enforcement medicine.drug
Zdroj:	Criminal Justice Policy Review. 32:219-244
ISSN:	1552-3586 0887-4034
DOI:	10.1177/0887403420911415
Popis:	Opioid abuse has redefined drug problems in communities and shifted police activities to redress substance use. Changing neighborhood context around opioid issues may affect arrests and racial disparities in their imposition. This study presents a spatial analysis of arrests involving Blacks and Whites for possession of heroin, synthetic narcotics, and opium offenses. We identify the ecological conditions associated with opioid-related arrests using geographically weighted regression (GWR) methods that illuminate local patterns by allowing coefficients to vary across space. GWR models reveal spatial and racial differences in opioid-related possession arrest rates. Calls for police service for overdoses increase White arrests in more advantaged, rural communities. Economic disadvantage and racial diversity in neighborhoods more strongly elevate possession arrest rates among Blacks relative to Whites. Overdose calls predict Black arrests in poorer urban areas. Findings underscore police responsiveness to opioid problems and Black–White differences in how opioid users interact with the criminal justice system.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8c425bbcecfc161fdccea04513660cc5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403420911415 Zobrazit plný text záznamu