| Popis: |
Brazilian semiarid region is susceptible to drought events, and water scarcity is a frequent problem. Irregularities in rainfall regimes lead to conflicts over water use in these regions, as there is high demand for human consumption and agriculture. Monitoring of the water and natural resources of the semiarid region is essential. Remote sensing, in turn, is effective because it presents high applicability in the heterogeneous mapping of heterogeneous areas in a practical and low cost, both spatially and temporally. Objective was to monitor and quantify the Caatinga vegetation coverage and the water condition by remote sensing through the vegetation index of the normalized water difference. The research was developed in a region of the Brazilian semiarid, municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, in the period 2015 to 2019. The study was conducted from Landsat satellite images. Thematic maps of the terrestrial surface of the region were developed through the images processing, with application of the Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land (SEBAL), performing a spatial-temporal modeling to determine the vegetation index of the standardized modified water difference. The quantification and characterization of Caatinga vegetation and water bodies will be used to compare environmental monitoring studies in the semiarid region and to evaluate environmental impacts. The spatial-temporal monitoring of the vegetation index of the normalized difference of the modified water showed patterns of responses and changes of the Caatinga vegetation coverage, as well as the water availability of the region. Drought favored water scarcity, directly affecting the multiple uses of the semiarid region. |
