| Popis: |
The theoretical concepts of the epidemiology of infectious diseases are the basis for assessing and controlling the epidemic situation. First of all, these are concepts of epidemic and epizootic processes, the theory of self-regulation of parasitic systems, the socio-ecological concept, etc. But the polysemy of epidemiological terminology does not allow to adequately perceive the processes taking place in a parasitic system. Thus, in modern epidemiologic literature, various terminological units are used to determine the transmission mechanism of respiratory tract infections. Currently, the following terms are actively used: air-droplet, airborne, air, aspiration, aerosol, respiratory etc. The terminological non-coordination for this mechanism of transmission impedes both the work of scientists and effective education of students and epidemiologists. So, on the basis of experimental studies of aerodynamic processes and analysis of various terms for transmission mechanism of respiratory tract infections, we scientifically substantiated and proposed the term "aerosol-aspiration". There are three phases of the airborne mechanism of transmission: release of aerosol as a result of expiratory acts (sneezing, coughing, talking), its movement under the influence of surrounding air currents (aerodynamics) and its aspiration by respiratory tract. The inconsistency of the epidemic process nature with the aforementioned terms of the transmission mechanism of respiratory tract infections has been proved. Thus, the term "aerosol-aspiration" most closely corresponds to the process of implementing the transmission of the agent for respiratory tract infections, and therefore to the method of preservation this group of pathogens as biological species. The implementation of this term in epidemiology terminology system will allow improving both theoretical basis of this science and professional activity of epidemiologists. |
