| Popis: |
Electricity systems are becoming increasingly exposed to weather. The need for high-quality meteorological forecasts for managing risk across all timescales has therefore never been greater. This paper seeks to extend the uptake of meteorological data in the power systems modelling community to include probabilistic meteorological forecasts at sub-seasonal lead-times. Such forecasts are growing in skill and are receiving considerable attention in power system risk management and energy trading. Despite this interest, these forecasts are rarely evaluated in power system terms and technical barriers frequently prohibit use by non-meteorological specialists. This paper therefore presents data produced through a new EU climate services program Subseasonal-to-seasonal forecasting for Energy (S2S4E). The data corresponds to a suite of well-documented, easy-to-use, self-consistent daily- and nationally-aggregated time-series for wind power, solar power and electricity demand across 28 European countries. The DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.17864/1947.275 will be activated after the paper has been accepted for publication. In the meantime, the data is accessible via https://researchdata.reading.ac.uk/275/, (Gonzalez et al., 2020). The data includes a set of daily ensemble reforecasts from two leading forecast systems spanning 20-years (ECMWF, 1996–2016) and 11-years (NCEP, 1999–2010). The reforecasts containing multiple plausible realisations of daily-weather and power data for up to 6 weeks in the future. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time fully calibrated and post-processed daily power system forecast set has been published, and this is the primary purpose of this paper. A brief review of forecast skill in each of the individual primary power system properties and the composite property demand-net-renewables is presented, focusing on the winter season. The forecast systems contain additional skill over climatological expectation for weekly-average forecasts at extended lead-times, though this skill depends on the nature of the forecast metric considered. This highlights the need for greater collaboration between the energy- and meteorological research communities to develop applications, and it is hoped that publishing these data and tools will support this. |
