Significance of the Secretion of Human Prolactin and Gonadotropin for Puerperal Lactatinal Infetility
| Autor: | Perez A, J. Zanartu, H. A. Zacur, John E. Tyson, R. S. Freedman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Infertility
endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class Biology medicine.disease Prolactin Gonadotropin secretion Follicle-stimulating hormone medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Internal medicine Lactation medicine Gonadotropin Luteinizing hormone Corpus luteum hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists |
| Zdroj: | Ciba Foundation Symposium 45-Breast-Feeding and the Mother |
| DOI: | 10.1002/9780470720271.ch4 |
| Popis: | The factors that influence the interpretation of data on puerperal lactation fertility were evaluated. The most important of these are whether the woman is breastfeeding her child; the time since the birth; and the duration frequency and intensity of the periods of breastfeeding. A systematic study was initiated of the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis at various times after birth in an attempt to determine how the secretion of prolactin was related to the secretion of gonadotropins--lutropin (LH) and follitropin (FSH)--and what the effects of these gonadotropins on ovarian function was. The 1st step was to study the secretion of prolactin in lactating and nonlactating mothers who had completed a normal gestation with a term vaginal delivery. The plasma concentration of prolactin in nonlactating women was much lower than that of lactating women from the 1st week to the 13th week after birth even though the rate at which the concentration of prolactin declined was similar in both groups during the 1st week following delivery. The rise in plasma concentrations of prolactin in response to breastfeeding can be dissociated from the rise observed following the intravenous injection of the synthetic tripeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (thyroliberin). The response to both stimuli must be independent of thyrotropin (TSH) secretion because the peripheral concentration of thyrotropin remains relatively unchanged. The increment in plasma concentrations of prolactin during breastfeeding is all but abolished beyond the 90th day after birth. The responsiveness of prolactin release to breastfeeding was measured in 15 healthy breastfeeding mothers at weekly intervals for up to 52 days. The women served as their own controls. Their blood was sampled before and after they had suckled for 30 minutes. The decreases in concentration of prolactin diminished throughout the study period. A reciprocal relationship was observed between the secretion of gonadotropins and the secretion of prolactin. The absence of a short-loop negative feedback control by prolactin for gonadotropin secretion was not confirmed. This was because cyclic secretion of gonadotropin was not necessarily impaired by hyperprolactinemia. Hyperprolactinemia did however seem to impair the function of the corpus luteum in women suffering from nonpuerperal glactorrhea. It is postulated that a multifactorial mechanism for puerperal infertility based initially on the peripheral concentration of prolactin and gonadotropins and in some poorly defined way on the cerebral concentration of catecholamines. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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