Salinity-dependent pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its implication in optimal dosing regimen
| Autor: | Yi-Kai Liu, Wipavee Thongpiam, Tirawat Rairat, Chia-Yu Hsieh, Suriyan Tunkijjanukij, Chi-Chung Chou |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Florfenicol
0303 health sciences biology Brackish water Cmax 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Euryhaline Aquatic Science biology.organism_classification Bioavailability Salinity 03 medical and health sciences Nile tilapia Oreochromis chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science chemistry 040102 fisheries 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries 030304 developmental biology |
| Zdroj: | Aquaculture. 519:734900 |
| ISSN: | 0044-8486 |
| Popis: | Nile tilapia has been cultured in a wide salinity range, from freshwater to up to 15 ppt brackish water due to its euryhaline characteristics. As salinity profoundly affects the physiology of freshwater and seawater fish in a different way, it is conceivable that pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior should also exhibit salinity-dependency. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on PK of florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia reared at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 15 ppt after a single intravenous (IV) or oral (PO) administration of 15 mg/kg at 28 °C. The implication of salinity-dependent PK in the optimal dosing regimen determination was also examined. The serum concentrations of FF were analyzed by HPLC-UV method and PK parameters were determined by the 2-compartmental model. Following IV injection, increasing water salinity from 2 to 15 ppt lead to a shorter elimination half-life (t1/2β) from 11.22 to 9.03 h, faster drug clearance (CL) from 0.047 to 0.056 L/kg/h, and smaller area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) from 326.19 to 267.74 h·μg/mL, suggesting a more rapid elimination at a higher salinity level. The results from PO study were generally consistent with the IV experiment except for the unchanged AUC over a salinity range of 0 to 15 ppt likely due to greater bioavailability at higher salinity. However, the absorption rate of FF was not significantly influenced by salinity as there were no significant differences in t1/2Ka, Cmax, and Tmax among the 5 salinity levels. The optimal dosing regimens were determined by the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic approach for each salinity level and it was revealed that the calculated dosages were similar between 0 and 8 ppt salinity, but a higher dosage was required at 15 ppt (from 7 to 10 mg/kg/day at the MIC of 2 μg/mL). Therefore, Nile tilapia reared at saltwater required a higher FF dosage than those cultured at freshwater. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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