Contribution of Human Reflex Studies to the Understanding and Management of the Pyramidal Syndrome
| Autor: | Paul J. Delwaide |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1984 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.diagnostic_test Upper motor neuron Multiple sclerosis food and beverages Physical examination Stimulus (physiology) Clinical neurophysiology medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Plantar reflex medicine Reflex Spasticity medicine.symptom Psychology Neuroscience medicine.diagnostic_sign |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-409-95144-8.50009-4 |
| Popis: | Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the contributions of human reflex studies to the understanding and management of the pyramidal syndrome. The upper motor neuron or pyramidal syndrome is one of the most frequently encountered clinical conditions. Its etiology is diverse varying from congenital malformations to trauma, multiple sclerosis, and cerebrovascular accident. It results from both cerebral and spinal lesions. Once developed, the pyramidal syndrome frequently persists and becomes chronic leaving the patient with varying degrees of handicap. The syndrome also includes changes in reflexes of cutaneous origin such as the loss of abdominal reflexes and the inversion of the plantar reflex. It is recognized in clinical practice that there is no strict correlation in any given patient among the severity of these different signs, for example, the plantar reflex may be absent in the presence of marked spasticity or vice versa. Clinical neurophysiology of reflexes offers special advantages. Stimulation can be accurately controlled, thereby, adding to the precision of clinical examination, and it can be applied to various nerve trunks, recruiting particular categories of fiber according to its intensity. Above all, stimulation can be programmed in such a way that a test stimulus can be used to explore the changes wrought by a conditioning stimulus. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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