| Popis: |
Opioid use influences brain activity in ways that can be detrimental to cognitive functioning. This literature review provides an overview of the published literature that has evaluated the effects of opioid use in individuals diagnosed with OUD or in their offspring (e.g., prenatal exposure). The review prioritized existing systematic reviews that have evaluated the effects of opioid use among individuals with OUD across a range of cognitive domains, including attention, memory, and complex psychomotor function (e.g., driving) in adults, and the cognitive consequences of prenatal opioid exposure were also included as evidence. Eight peer-reviewed literature reviews were identified that evaluated the cognitive effects of opioids among individuals diagnosed with OUD. Six reviews were systematic, 1 was a “structured evidence-based review,” and 1 was an expert-guided review. Five of the reviews evaluated a range of different cognitive domains, 2 of the reviews focused on driving performance, and 1 review focused on general cognitive function rather than specific cognitive domains. The individual studies evaluated in the reviews were published between 1944 and 2017, and the number of individual studies included in each review ranged from 16 to 61. Key variables that influence outcomes, clinical implications, health policy implications, and future research direction are discussed. An exemplary case study is also provided. |
