The Optimal Depth of Variational Quantum Algorithms Is QCMA-Hard to Approximate
| Autor: | Bittel, Lennart, Gharibian, Sevag, Kliesch, Martin |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| DOI: | 10.4230/lipics.ccc.2023.34 |
| Popis: | Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs), such as the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) of [Farhi, Goldstone, Gutmann, 2014], have seen intense study towards near-term applications on quantum hardware. A crucial parameter for VQAs is the depth of the variational ansatz used - the smaller the depth, the more amenable the ansatz is to near-term quantum hardware in that it gives the circuit a chance to be fully executed before the system decoheres. In this work, we show that approximating the optimal depth for a given VQA ansatz is intractable. Formally, we show that for any constant ε > 0, it is QCMA-hard to approximate the optimal depth of a VQA ansatz within multiplicative factor N^(1-ε), for N denoting the encoding size of the VQA instance. (Here, Quantum Classical Merlin-Arthur (QCMA) is a quantum generalization of NP.) We then show that this hardness persists in the even "simpler" QAOA-type settings. To our knowledge, this yields the first natural QCMA-hard-to-approximate problems. LIPIcs, Vol. 264, 38th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2023), pages 34:1-34:24 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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