Elevated pCO2 and hypoxia alter the acid-base regulation of developing sheepshead minnows Cyprinodon variegatus
| Autor: | Elizabeth Moso, Cheryl Hankins, Laura A. Enzor, Mace G. Barron, Sandy Raimondo, M. Hamilton-Frazier |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Ecology biology Chemistry 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Cellular homeostasis Hypoxia (environmental) Juvenile fish Aquatic Science medicine.disease_cause Sheepshead minnow biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences pCO2 Animal science medicine Eutrophication Anaerobic exercise Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Marine Ecology Progress Series. 636:157-168 |
| ISSN: | 1616-1599 0171-8630 |
| Popis: | Lowered dissolved oxygen and pH levels are 2 environmental variables that concomitantly change in an estuarine environment and both are exacerbated by nutrient pollution and subsequent eutrophication. To better understand how estuarine residents compensate for daily fluctuations in these environmental variables, the interactive effects of elevated partial pressure of CO2(pCO2) and hypoxia were assessed in developing sheepshead minnowsCyprinodon variegatususing a 2 by 2 factorial design over a 42 d exposure. Embryos were exposed to either acidic (pCO2: ~2000 µatm), hypoxic (reduced dissolved oxygen, ~2 mg l-1), or combined acidic and hypoxic conditions and monitored for development, hatch rate, and survival. Measurements of anaerobic pathway use, oxidative stress, and acid-base regulatory enzymes were evaluated at 3 life stages (embryo, larva, and juvenile) to discern if and how fish compensate for these stressors during development. The combination of elevatedpCO2and hypoxia delayed hatching in embryos but did not impact survival. Neither elevatedpCO2, hypoxia, nor the combination of the stressors elicited an increase in anaerobic metabolic pathways or impacted oxidative stress of juvenile fish. Measurements of enzymes related to acid-base regulation were elevated in all 3 treatments in larval fish. Elevated carbonic anhydrase activity was observed in the multi-stress treatment in embryos and larval fish, but not in juvenile fish. These results show that developing sheepshead minnows can compensate for acidified and hypoxic waters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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