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Health-care systems occupy from 6% up to 15% of developed countries' GDPs. Therapeutics, particularly hospital care, occupy the bulk of these expenditures, despite their focus on dealing with disease after it arises. In the 21st century health-care systems will focus on health gains. Therapeutics will have broadened to encompass prevention and treatment, and will be focused on each individual's unique biological, psychological and social needs. Major killers, most particularly heart disease and cancer, will be far more preventable or curable, because of changes in therapeutic paradigms to more holistic approaches as well as important biomedical breakthroughs. There are a variety of negative possibilities, including continued preeminence of the medical model, growing costs, increased inequality in access, and greater poverty and social disintegration. The movement to therapeutics more focused on health gains will be accelerated by a variety of trends, particularly the development by communities in the USA and many other countries of shared visions that guide the evolution of health care in these directions. |
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